Poland's transport market: trends, figures, challenges

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Poland’s transport sector is undergoing massive transformation: rising operating costs, a severe driver shortage, and the shift toward alternative powertrains are putting companies under pressure – while also driving innovation. But what does this mean for fleet operators?

A closer look at the industry provides answers: More than 500 fleet companies in Poland were surveyed at the end of 2024 to identify key challenges and opportunities in one of Europe’s most dynamic transport markets. The study offers a data-driven overview of how Polish companies are adapting to economic, technological, and environmental demands – and highlights trends that could also be relevant for other European markets. The following results of the survey are particularly revealing:

1. High share of new vehicles in Polish fleets

Compared to the rest of Europe, Polish fleets are among the most modern:

Over 73% of heavy-duty vehicles and
Nearly 75% of passenger car fleets are less than five years old.

The main reasons: tax incentives, stricter environmental regulations, and the need to reduce operating costs in the long term.

Interestingly, nearly half of the surveyed companies reported little to no change in the average fleet age over the past five years. Around 67% of passenger car fleet managers and more than half of those managing light (~53%) and heavy (~51%) vehicles prefer to invest in new vehicles.

Used vehicles are mostly considered when they are less than three years old – especially in the delivery segment.

2. Costs and staffing remain key challenges

Rising fuel prices, higher maintenance expenses, and growing financial pressure are causing significant problems for many companies.

In the heavy-duty segment, nearly 18% of respondents see operating costs as their biggest challenge. On top of that, there is a severe driver shortage: estimates suggest that around 200,000 drivers are currently missing from the Polish labor market.

3. Alternative powertrains: Interest is growing – but so are the barriers

While diesel remains dominant in heavy-duty transport, interest in alternative drives is increasing. Companies with passenger car and light commercial fleets are especially open to new technologies: Around 34% and 26% of respondents, respectively, can imagine using electric vehicles in the future. In the heavy-duty segment, hydrogen is gaining traction: 16% of companies consider it a promising future option.

However, major hurdles remain – particularly regarding charging infrastructure, which is often seen as insufficient and lagging behind Western European standards. Incentive programs are also frequently criticized as uncoordinated and difficult to navigate.

Conclusion: A market in transition

Poland is one of Europe’s largest transport markets and, according to Eurostat, accounts for 20% of all freight movements within the EU. Understanding the unique business and operational challenges facing logistics operators in this region is therefore essential.

The study shows that Poland’s fleet landscape is actively transforming – with a clear focus on modern vehicles, increasing interest in alternative powertrains, and continued cost pressure. Those who understand the dynamics of this market can act strategically – not only at the national level but also across Europe.

About the study

The data comes from a survey conducted by DKV Mobility in November and December 2024, involving over 500 fleet operators from the passenger car, light commercial vehicle, and heavy-duty vehicle segments.

The aim of the study was to provide an accurate snapshot of the current situation in Poland’s transport sector – with a focus on operational challenges, investment decisions, and readiness to adopt alternative powertrains.

The full report is available here.

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